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Review
PREVALENCE OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS (HIV) INFECTION AND IMMUNE STATUS IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED ADULT TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS
Desalegn Amenu
College of Natural and Computational Science, Wollega University, P.Box, 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia
Authors email:wadadesalegn@gmail.com Accepted 13 October 2014
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem disproportionally affecting the low income countries. It is estimated that one third of the world’s population is latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).Each year; 8 million cases of active TB with over 2 million deaths are estimated to occur globally. The vast majority of individuals with TB live in Africa, South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions. TB and HIV form a lethal combination, each speeding the other's progress. Globally the number of people living with HIV continues to grow, as does the number of deaths due to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A total of 39.5 million (34.1million –47.1million) people were living with HIV in 2006 of which about two-thirds live in sub Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa thus bears the overwhelming burden of the HIV/AIDS epidemic and TB. In conclusion, HIV sero prevalence in TB patients is a sensitive indicator of the spread of HIV into the general population and this information is essential to respond to the increasing commitment to provide comprehensive HIV/AIDS care and support among the high risk groups identified, including antiretroviral therapy (ART) to HIV-positive TB patients. Therefore, the study will give an understanding of the epidemiological relationship between HIV and TB diseases at the community level in Adama town and the surrounding villages. Key words:Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, Immune status, prevalence, pathogenesis.
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Palgo Journal of Medicine and Medical Science |
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